Human Anatomy and Physiology – I Important Questions with Answers , Unit Wise Guide (B pharma 1st semester solved)

Human Anatomy and Physiology – I Important Questions with Answers – Unit Wise Guide (B pharma 1^st semester solved)

Section A

Unit-I Questions

1. Summarize homeostasis.
2. Recall the positive feedback system.
3. Define anatomy and physiology.
4. What is catabolism and anabolism?
5. Define sagittal and coronal planes.
6. Draw a well-labeled diagram of a cell.
7. Enumerate cell junctions and their types.
8. Explain the term endocrine signaling pathway.
9. Explain the term paracrine and endocrine signaling.
10. Explain the term autocrine and juxtacrine signaling.
11. Define autophagy and autolysis.
12. Write any two functions of ribosomes.
13. Write the function of mitochondria.
14. Describe the role of smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
15. Describe the physiological role of the Golgi complex.

Unit-II Questions

1. Differentiate between axial and appendicular skeletal system.
2. Define osteoblast and osteoclast.
3. Differentiate between thick and thin filaments.
4. Enlist the names of contractile proteins in the human body.
5. Write about the two main functions of the skin.
6. Give the function of Langerhans cells in the skin.

Unit-III Questions

1. Explain Rh factor.
2. What is hemoglobin? What are its normal values in humans and importance?
3. Identify the blood group known as the universal donor.
4. Define the term erythropoiesis.
5. Write the two main functions of the lymphatic system.
6. Differentiate between blood capillaries and lymphatic capillaries.

Unit-IV Questions

1. Write the names of the bones present in the ear.
2. Sketch a well-labeled diagram of an eye.
3. Define intraocular tension.
4. Name the gland that secretes wax in the ear.
5. Define the optic disc.
6. Write the primary neurotransmitters of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
7. Differentiate between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons.
8. Name the largest nerve of the human body.
9. Write about the pigment present in rod and cone cells.

Unit-V Questions

1. What do you mean by heart rate?
2. Write a short note on the regulation of blood pressure.
3. Define systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
4. Write the name of the tissue known as the pacemaker.
5. Define cardiac output.

Section B

Unit-I Questions

1. Discuss the cell with a well-labeled diagram and explain its organelles in detail.
2. Draw a well-labeled diagram of the cell and explain the transport mechanisms across the plasma membrane.
3. Define cell division and discuss somatic cell division in detail.
4. Discuss in detail the active transport process across the plasma membrane.

Unit-II Questions

1. Classify the skeletal system and discuss the structure and function of the vertebral column.

Unit-III Questions

1. Illustrate hemostasis and discuss the various pathways of blood coagulation.
2. Define blood coagulation. Write in detail about the different stages involved in blood coagulation.

Unit-IV Questions

1. Explain the structural and functional differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
2. Describe the origin and functions of cranial nerves.
3. Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the eye with a diagram.

Unit-V Questions

1. Draw a neat labeled diagram of the heart and explain the cardiac cycle in detail.
2. Sketch a well-labeled diagram of the heart and discuss the conducting system of the heart.

Section C

Unit-I Questions

1. Explain transport mechanisms across the plasma membrane.
2. Write a note on meiotic cell division.
3. Discuss the structure and function of the plasma membrane.
4. Explain positive and negative feedback mechanisms with examples.
5. Define cell division and explain somatic cell division with a diagram.
6. Classify transport across the plasma membrane and explain the process of primary active transport.

Unit-II Questions

1. Write about the structure and function of long bones.
2. Explain the anatomy and physiology of muscle contraction.
3. Classify joints and write a short note on synovial joints.
4. Classify joints and explain the structure of synovial joints.
5. Write about various events that occur at the neuromuscular junction.
6. Discuss the phenomenon of the neuromuscular junction with the help of a diagram.
7. Write about the structure and function of skin.

Unit-III Questions

1. Define erythropoiesis and explain its mechanism in detail.
2. What do you mean by anemia? Explain its various types.
3. Explain the anatomy and physiology of the lymph node.
4. Discuss in detail lymph circulation and the functions of the lymphatic system.
5. Describe the mechanism of blood coagulation.
6. Write a note on blood groups.

Unit-IV Questions

1. Examine the differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
2. Write a short note on cranial nerves with emphasis on their functions.
3. Discuss the mechanism and physiology of vision.
4. Discuss the mechanism and physiology of hearing.
5. Describe the basic anatomy of the eye with the help of a diagram.

Unit-V Questions

1. Write a note on ECG.
2. Discuss the conducting system of the heart.
3. Write a note on the cardiac cycle.
4. Describe the heart with a well-labeled diagram and relate the electrocardiogram (ECG) with it.
5. Write a note on disorders related to the heart.